As shown in Fig. Pesaran, M. H. (2006). It affects our economies, education, culture, businesses, and personal lives. In Eq. According to the OLS estimation results, improving democratic institutions increases life expectancy and reduces child and adult mortality rates. (2019). In our study, while globalization is used as a proxy indicator of global cooperation, democracy is an indicator of cooperation between societies and governments. Globalization and health: Pathways, evidence and policy. For this purpose, the role of globalization and democracy in life expectancy is empirically investigated in 16 low-income countries over the period 19702017. Globalization has long been used by the automotive industry, for instance, where different parts of a car may be manufactured in different countries. Finally, gdp is real GDP per capita (constant 2010 $) and it is provided from World Bank World Development Indicators. The impact of income inequality, environmental degradation and globalization on life expectancy in Pakistan: An empirical analysis. Sarah Appleton, National Geographic Society, CrashCourse: Globalization 1: The Upside: Crash Course World History #41, NPR: Planet Money Explores the Economics of T-Shirts, Oxford Martin Programme on Global Development, University of Oxford: Our World in Data: Trade and Globalization. The impact of economic, social, and political globalization and democracy on life expectancy in low-income countries: are sustainable development goals contradictory? In Eq. 5. They are said to follow a recognizable lifestyle, are instantly identifiable anywhere in the world, and feel more comfortable in each others presence than they do among their less-sophisticated compatriots. Previous studies mostly focused on how to achieve SDGs, while possible conflicts between the goals were mostly ignored especially in the context of health. Welander, A., Lyttkens, C. H., & Nilsson, T. (2015). It has been observed in the literature that possible contradictions between these goals are ignored. (2006). Development as freedom. The only way to access that knowledge and these drugs are trade and integration between developed and underdeveloped countries. Globalization, economic freedom, and human rights. It is an important instrument in the suppression of the inequality created by economic globalization. Globalization is defined for individuals as their connectivity in global networks. \({\stackrel{\sim }{\Delta }}_{adj}\) is a bias-adjusted version of \(\stackrel{\sim }{\Delta }\). According to ARDL estimation results, life expectancy is positively associated with higher levels of globalization. According to the United Nations, achieving sustainable development goals requires global cooperation and partnership. Governments that know the international sanctions required by these violations have to be more cautious against human rights violations. Sustainable development from millennium 2015 to Sustainable Development Goals 2030. According to the results, the null of homogeneity is accepted at %1 in all models. All variables have a unit root, and their first differences are stationary (\({I}_{1})\). Another finding of the study is that socioeconomic factors such as income, education, and access to health care services are important determinants of health status. 2014). In general, globalization has been shown to increase the standard of living in developing countries, but some analysts warn that globalization can have a negative effect on local or emerging economies and individual workers. The role of electricity consumption, globalization and economic growth in carbon dioxide emissions and its implications for environmental sustainability targets.

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