Moreover, in spite of the vast literature on attachment and marriage, there is surprisingly little data on the role of attachment security in marital dissolution (for an exception see Crowell, Treboux, & Brockmeyer, 2009). Attachment change processes in the early years of marriage. Nevertheless, the accelerated longitudinal design employed in the current research has several notable limitations. Thus, the period following this transition may be a critical time for determining the health and longevity of the marital relationship. The more costs a marriage partner inflicts on a person, the less satisfied one generally is with the marriage and with the marriage partner. Before they said I do: Discriminating among marital outcomes over 13 years. It seems that attachment security is a psychological resource that also enables individuals to cope more successfully with the challenges of marital life, and those who enjoy a stronger sense of attachment security also have more satisfying long-term marriages. The concept of marital satisfaction is not necessarily gauged by assessing a lack of dissatisfaction in the relationship; factors that lead to marital distress are not necessarily the inverse of factors that promote satisfying relationships. Men and women often attempt to prevent another person from encroaching on their marriage by performing mate-guarding behaviors. Attachment Predicting Wives and Husbands Marital Satisfaction Over Time (Cohort 2). The evolution of desire (Rev. Changes in marriage associated with the transition to parenthood: Individual differences as a function of sex-role attitudes and changes in the division of household labor. Most longitudinal research is limited in nature due to the practical difficulties of maintaining participants' cooperation over long periods of time, and due to increasing attrition expected in longitudinal research over time. Although our findings revealed a long-term effect of attachment security on marital satisfaction, and a relationship between marital satisfaction and marital dissolution, we did not find a significant effect of attachment security on marital dissolution. Because some of the couples did not participate at all time points, we considered participation in at least two points of measurement as the minimal criteria for inclusion in the analyses. Since the pioneering study of LeMasters (1957), research has consistently shown that the transition to parenthood poses a serious challenge if not a crisis for marriage (Belsky & Pensky, 1988; Cowan & Cowan, 1995; Cowan & Cowan, 1988; Twenge et al., 2003). Marital quality over the life course. The results of the current research, as well as previous findings (e.g., Karney & Bradbury, 1997; Stevenson-Hinde et al., 2007), imply that early marital dissatisfaction may potentially lead to divorce, not because of an acute problem in the relationship at a specific time point, but rather because of the cumulative, ongoing burden of marital dissatisfaction that becomes increasingly difficult to tolerate over time. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 964-980. Some of these behaviors can actually inflict costs on the spouse and, consequently, are related to lessened marital satisfaction. Figure 2 illustrates how marital satisfaction declined from a level of about 120 points around the transition to parenthood (an average score for this time period according to previous research, e.g., Shapiro, Gottman, & Carrre, 2000) to a level of about 95 (a below average score) 15 years later. Belsky J, Kelly J. Susceptibility to infidelity in the first year of marriage. Marriages in which there is a discrepancy between the partners in mate value are marriages in which both partners are more likely to be unfaithful, signaling marital dissatisfaction. On the negative side, they may also experience exhaustion, lack of time for themselves, and more disagreement over issues pertaining to care of the baby and the division of family labor (e.g., Belsky & Pensky, 1988; Cowan & Cowan, 2000; Twenge, Campbell, & Foster, 2003).

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