As might be expected, the smaller the population, the greater the chance of sampling error (or misrepresentation of the larger population) and hence of significant levels of drift in any one generation. Also, if the fragments that cross over dont break at exactly the same point, they can cause genes to be deleted from one of the homologous chromosomes and duplicated on the other. Watch this short video to learn more about the founder and bottleneck effects. The Amish in the United States are a population that, due to their unique history and cultural practices, emerged from a small founding population and have tended to select mates from within their groups. Without a functioning copy of the neurofibromin protein, the cell membrane is able to form much larger feeding structures, allowing the NF1 mutants to ingest larger particles and larger volumes of liquid. Genetic drift may be defined as a mechanism of evolution in which allele frequencies of a population changes over generations due to chance (sampling error). WebQuestion: Imagine a population evolving by genetic drift, in which the frequency allele K is 0.3. Its also possible that the mutability of the NF1 gene confers certain advantages to humans as well. It is most common in Africa, countries around the Mediterranean Sea, and eastward as far as India. 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mutations", "beneficial mutation", "UV crosslinking", "DNA repair mechanisms", "autosomal recessive", "xeroderma pigmentosum", "somatic", "spontaneous mutation", "inherited mutation", "point mutation", "cytosine methylation", "non-synonymous mutations", "missense mutation", "Nonsense mutations", "splice site mutation", "insertions", "deletions", "indels", "Frameshift mutations", "transposable elements", "transposons", "DNA transposons", "retrotransposons", "crossover events", "nondisjunction events", "trisomies", "monosomies", "chromosomal translocations", "balanced translocations", "unbalanced translocations", "derivative chromosomes", "Neurofibromatosis Type 1", "NF1", "autosomal dominant", "benign", "neurofibromas", "cutaneous neurofibromas", "plexiform neurofibromas", "caf\u00e9-au-lait spots(CALS)", "asexual reproduction", "sexual reproduction", "population bottleneck", "Cretaceious-Paleogene extinction", "antibiotics", "founder effects", "guevedoces", "5-alpha reductase deficiency", "inbreeding", "Old Order Amish", "Ellis-van Creveld syndrome", "admixture", "hybridization", "Africanized honey bees", "Harlequin ladybeetle", "peppered moth", "directional selection", "balancing selection", "disruptive selection", "malaria", "plasmodium", "peacock", "licenseversion:40", "authorname:explorationsbio", "source@https://explorations.americananthro.org" ], https://socialsci.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fsocialsci.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FAnthropology%2FBiological_Anthropology%2FEXPLORATIONS%253A__An_Open_Invitation_to_Biological__Anthropology%2F04%253A_Forces_of_Evolution%2F4.03%253A_The_Force_of_Evolution, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( 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