8.9% Warmblood breeds. .actions{margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px;} During an episode, horses seem lazy, have a shifting lameness, tense up their abdomen, and develop tremors in their flank area. Type1 PSSM is a genetic disease and can be diagnosed by a test of samples taken from blood and hair. Make a Gift to the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine - Social Media Hub, VIPERFacultyAlumniFuture Veterinary Medical CenterCampus Directory. Breeding and foal care Animal Welfare and Advocacy, 2023 AQHA Guidelines and Rules for Drugs and Medications, , (Borgia et al, 2010) Quarter Horses naturally have very little lipid stored within muscle fibers and provision of free fatty acids may overcome the disruption in energy metabolism that appears to occur in PSSM1 Quarter Horses during aerobic exercise. 2009 Jul;41(6):597-601. 2009 Nov;46(6):1281-91. When horses stop moving they may stretch out as if to urinate. Muscle break down and progressive weakness in draft horses. PSSM1 genetic testing, University of California, Davis, Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, PSSM testing, University of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. This occurs more often if they have a concurrent infection such as pneumonia or diarrhea. Healthcare and medication, , A horse only needs one copy of the GYS1 gene mutation to be affected by Type 1 PSSM. The other common signs are: Stiffness of legs. of 26 horses from group 1, and 5 of 26 horses from group 2. This enhances glucose utilization, and improves energy metabolism in skeletal muscle. Affected horses experience increased muscle metabolism, fever often exceeding 109 degrees F, excessive sweating, high heart rate, abnormal heart rhythm, shallow breathing, hypertension, muscle rigidity, breakdown of muscle tissue, muscle protein in the urine and/or death. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). When proper diet and exercise routines are followed, researchers found that all horses improved, and more than 75 percent of horses stopped tying-up. Its likely an old genetic mutation that occurred prior to the foundation of most modern horse breeds. Animal Welfare and Advocacy. Since it is an autosomal dominant trait, only one copy of the mutation is needed for a horse to be affected. PSSM also affects many other breeds. Many exercise studies have proven that this is absolutely not the case with PSSM1. Approximately 50% of affected horses with PSSM1 show improvement under dietary management alone. Horses that are managed properly can generally go on to have successful performance careers. Regular exercise without long periods of inactivity is key. This may relate to differences in diet, exercise and impact of different genotypes in different breeds. Healthcare and medication 2008 Sep-Oct;22(5):1228-33. The mutation causing PSSM1 is a point mutation in the gene that codes for the skeletal muscle form of the glycogen synthase enzyme. Polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM) is a disease that results in an abnormal accumulation of glycogen (sugar) in the muscles. PSSM is a common condition in Quarter Horses, with a prevalence of 40.1%. 2009 Jan;19(1):37-43. A condition known as myofibrillar myopathy (MFM), characterized by exercise intolerance and intermittent exertional rhabdomyolysis, may be an extreme subset of PSSM2, but further research is needed.

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